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:::Railroad:::

The train was invented in the Industrial Revolution to revolutionize the traffic of goods. Whereas a car thrown by horses or mules could go up to a ton of merchandise, the trains could move more than than thousand. This cheapened the costs and extended the markets.

The railroad was originated in the Europeans mines. Before the vapor machine, the strength for the transport was strongest than horses. The first train was build in South Wales.

The inventor rails was Richard Trevithick in 1804, for the first locomotive. It caused a a total transformationin in society letting people to trasport fast and in a safe way.

England During the Industrial Revolution

Queen: Victoria
King: Jorge II
Environment: England had a lot of Smog. Deterioration of the environment and landscape.
Politics:
Trade and Agriculture: In agriculture developed new techniques of land and created useful tools such as plow land, threshers, etc. In the commerce the mercantile capital is developed.
Demography

• Transfer of population from rural to urban areas
• International Migration
• Sustained growth of the population
• Major differences between people
• Economic Independence

Economics

• Mass Production
• Development of Capitalism
• Emergence of large companies

Socials

• Proletariat
• Social Question

Phases of the Industrial Revolution

:::First Phase:::
Bases of the Industrial Revolution

• The precursors used the maths of Newton to make clocks and precision machining.
• The arrival of inmigrants to England during the centuries XVI and XVII gave new industries. In the century XVIII was the country with the greatest marine trade.2.

Triumph of Machines

• Promoted handicraft textile. Jhon Kay invented the shuttle machine.
  
• James Watt invented the steam engine(1765).

Agricultural Revolution

• In the century XVIII the property and farm trends was refurbished. The productivity was increased in 90%.

Demographic Revolution

• Increased significantly the amount of people in the world. The population was concentrated in the cities.

:::Second Phase:::
The second phase (1840-1920)of the industrial revolution advanced in the area of transportation and communications. 2 inventions of this phase were the train and the steam boat. The train was invented by Fulton.
The industrial revolution began in England and expanded to other countries:

France: Experimented with textiles and metalLurgical.
Alemania: Began the industrialization thanks to the paper(role) of Prussia.
United States: It was the second industrial power of the world.
Japan: It modernize by means of the industrial revolution.

:::Third Phase:::
The third phase of the revolution of the intelligence originates when finished the second world war and it gets paid it forces because of the crisis that experiences the capitalism of the time. In this phase of the industrial revolution there was a great tendency to the technological development. For example, the development of the nuclear energy, the telecommunications and the computer, the robotics and the biotechnology.

Activites

Activity One

Invention: Safety Elevator (Brake)
The world's first safety brake for Elevators was invented in 1852 by Elisha Graves Otis in New York, USA. After she successfully demonstrated in 1854, the effectiveness of the elevator brake, the confidence in the seurity of elevators grew. That confidence facilitiated the construction of buildings of 4 or more stories. After that, cities grew upward instead of outward. As you can see, Most of the American cities of today are full of skyscrapers thanks to this invention.



Bibliography:

• WikiAnswers
• ideafinder.com/history/inventions/elevator.htm
• The Industrial Revolution in the Eighteenth Century: An Outline of the Beginnings of the Modern Factory System in England (Book)

Poster:The safety brake for elevators.

Questions about The Industrial Revolution

Questions:

1. When and where did the Industrial Revolution begin?
2. Why did England forbid factory workers to leave the country?
3. How did Samuel Slater contribute to the Industrial Revolution in America?
4. Name one of the bad consequences of the Industrial Revolution.

Answers

1. The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It began in Britain.
2. England wanted to keep it's industralization as a secret. They prohibited the people who worked in the factories, to leave the country.
3. He has been apprentice in an English cotton factory, disguised himself to came to America.
4. Consecuences:

• There was an overall downfall in the social, economic and cultural situation of the people.
• Many people were taken to the cities to look for work. There was so many people that cities couldn't support them.
• It caused Pollution.
• People living together in dirty places.
• The health and cleanliness wasn't good.